ABSTRACT

Endometrial cancer is a common female cancer in developed countries. Most cases are over 50 years of age. Although endometrium cancer secondary to genetic factors occurs at a younger age and is independent of excess estrogen, the etiology is often an excess of unopposed estrogen in the body. Histopathology is required for diagnosis. Once the diagnosis of cancer is clarified, staging and molecular subtyping should be done for prognosis and treatment options. Evaluation with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for assessment of the depth of myometrial invasion, involvement of cervical stroma and the presence of lymph nodes is very valuable in determining treatment options. The most commonly used staging system is the detailed system developed by the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics, which included MRI in 2009 and molecular mutation information in 2023. MRI should be performed using high resolution non-fat-saturated T2 weighted series, diffusion weighted series obtained with low and high b values, and dynamic or single-phase contrast enhanced fat-saturated T1 weighted series by obtaining slices taking the uterine axis into consideration. Treatment options are evaluated after staging.