Abstract
Angiomyolipoma is the most common benign mesenchymal tumor of the kidney. Eighty percent of the patients present sporadically, where 20% occur a component of tuberous sclerosis or lymphangioleiomyomatosis. Angiomyolipomas contain varying amounts of mature fat, muscle and vessels, and are divided into fat-rich, fat-poor and fat-invisible types. Imaging findings are mainly based on revealing the macroscopic or microscopic fat content of the lesions. Angiomyolipomas present as confusing lesions if they are in types of fat-poor or fat-invisible, and the ones complicated by hemorrhage.
Keywords: Angiomyolipoma, ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, tuberous sclerosis
References
Vos N, Oyen R. Renal angiomyolipoma: the good, the bad, and the ugly.J Belg Soc Radiol.2018; 10: 41.
Fittschen A, Wendlik I, Oeztuerk S, Kratzer W, Akinli AS, Haenle MM, et al. Prevalence of sporadic renal angiomyolipoma: a retrospective analysis of 61,389 in- and out-patients.Abdom Imaging.2014; 39: 1009-13.
Flum AS, Hamoui N, Said MA, Yang XJ, Casalino DD, McGuire BB, et al. Update on the diagnosis and management of renal angiomyolipoma.J Urol.2016; 195: 834-46.
Johnson SR, Taveira-DaSilva AM, Moss J. Lymphangioleiomyomatosis.Clin Chest Med.2016; 37: 389-403.
Lane BR, Aydin H, Danforth TL, Zhou M, Remer EM, Novick AC, et al. Clinical correlates of renal angiomyolipoma subtypes in 209 patients: classic, fat poor, tuberous sclerosis associated and epithelioid.J Urol.2008; 180: 836-43.
von Ranke FM, Faria IM, Zanetti G, Hochhegger B, Souza AS Jr, Marchiori E. Imaging of tuberous sclerosis complex: a pictorial review.Radiol Bras.2017; 50: 48-54.
Israel GM, Hindman N, Hecht E, Krinsky G. The use of opposed-phase chemical shift MRI in the diagnosis of renal angiomyolipomas.AJR Am J Roentgenol.2005; 184: 1868-72.
Song S, Park BK, Park JJ. New radiologic classification of renal angiomyolipomas.Eur J Radiol.2016; 85: 1835-42.
Park BK. Renal angiomyolipoma: radiologic classification and imaging features according to the amount of fat.AJR Am J Roentgenol. ; 209: 826-35.
Woo S, Suh CH, Cho JY, Kim SY, Kim SH. Diagnostic performance of CT for diagnosis of fat-poor angiomyolipoma in patients with renal masses: a systematic review and meta-analysis.AJR Am J Roentgenol.2017; 209:W297-W307.
Wilson MP, Patel D, Murad MH, McInnes MDF, Katlariwala P, Low G. Diagnostic performance of MRI in the detection of renal lipid-poor angiomyolipomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Radiology.2020; 296: 511-20.
Kuusk T, Biancari F, Lane B, Tobert C, Campbell S, Rimon U, et al. Treatment of renal angiomyolipoma: pooled analysis of individual patient data.BMC Urol.2015; 15: 123.
Bhatt JR, Richard PO, Kim NS, Finelli A, Manickavachagam K, Legere L, et al. Natural History of Renal Angiomyolipoma (AML): Most Patients with Large AMLs >4cm can be offered active surveillance as an ınitial management strategy.Eur Urol.2016; 70: 85-90.
Krueger DA, Northrup H; International Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Consensus Group. Tuberous sclerosis complex surveillance and management: recommendations of the 2012 International Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Consensus Conference.Pediatr Neurol.2013; 49: 255-65.
Murray TE, Doyle F, Lee M. Transarterial embolization of angiomyolipoma: a systematic review.J Urol.2015;1 94: 635-9.
