Imaging of Ovarian Tumors
PDF

Invited Review

Imaging of Ovarian Tumors

Turk Radiol Semin 2024;12(2):291-314 DOI: 10.4274/trs.2024.24156
,
PDF
Permissions

Abstract

Ovarian lesions are frequently encountered on ultrasound and cross-sectional imaging. In this review, the indicators used to determine the risk of malignancy in ovarian lesions, especially the Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System classification, and the sonographic and magnetic resonance imaging features of common ovarian tumors will be discussed.

Keywords: Ovarian tumors, ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging, O-RADS

References

1

Cree IA, White VA, Indave BI, Lokuhetty D. Revising the WHO classification: female genital tract tumours.Histopathology. 2020; 76: 151-6.

2

McCluggage WG, Singh N, Gilks CB. Key changes to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of female genital tumours introduced in the 5th edition (2020).Histopathology. 2022; 80: 762-78.

3

Taylor EC, Irshaid L, Mathur M. Multimodality imaging approach to ovarian neoplasms with pathologic correlation.Radiographics. 2021; 41: 289-315.

4

Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2018.CA Cancer J Clin. 2018; 68: 7-30.

5

Timmerman D, Planchamp F, Bourne T, Landolfo C, du Bois A, Chiva L, et al. ESGO/ISUOG/IOTA/ESGE Consensus Statement on pre-operative diagnosis of ovarian tumors.Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2021; 31: 961-82.

6

Iyer VR, Lee SI. MRI, CT, and PET/CT for ovarian cancer detection and adnexal lesion characterization.AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2010; 194: 311-21.

7

Van Calster B, Van Hoorde K, Valentin L, Testa AC, Fischerova D, Van Holsbeke C, et al. Evaluating the risk of ovarian cancer before surgery using the ADNEX model to differentiate between benign, borderline, early and advanced stage invasive, and secondary metastatic tumours: prospective multicentre diagnostic study.BMJ. 2014; 349: g5920.

8

Amor F, Vaccaro H, Alcázar JL, León M, Craig JM, Martinez J. Gynecologic imaging reporting and data system: a new proposal for classifying adnexal masses on the basis of sonographic findings.J Ultrasound Med. 2009; 28: 285-91.

9

Andreotti RF, Timmerman D, Benacerraf BR, Bennett GL, Bourne T, Brown DL, et al. Ovarian-adnexal reporting lexicon for ultrasound: a white paper of the ACR ovarian-adnexal reporting and data system committee.J Am Coll Radiol. 2018; 15: 1415-29. Erratum in: J Am Coll Radiol. 2019; 16: 403-6.

10

Andreotti RF, Timmerman D, Strachowski LM, Froyman W, Benacerraf BR, Bennett GL, et al. O-RADS US risk stratification and management system: a consensus guideline from the ACR ovarian-adnexal reporting and data system committee.Radiology. 2020; 294: 168-85.

11

Sadowski EA, Thomassin-Naggara I, Rockall A, Maturen KE, Forstner R, Jha P, et al. O-RADS MRI risk stratification system: guide for assessing adnexal lesions from the ACR O-RADS committee.Radiology. 2022; 303: 35-47. Erratum in: Radiology. 2023; 308: e239017.

12

Timmerman D, Ameye L, Fischerova D, Epstein E, Melis GB, Guerriero S, et al. Simple ultrasound rules to distinguish between benign and malignant adnexal masses before surgery: prospective validation by IOTA group.BMJ. 2010; 341: c6839.

13

Timmerman D, Testa AC, Bourne T, Ferrazzi E, Ameye L, Konstantinovic ML, et al. Logistic regression model to distinguish between the benign and malignant adnexal mass before surgery: a multicenter study by the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis Group.J Clin Oncol. 2005; 23: 8794-801.

14

Timmerman D, Testa AC, Bourne T, Ameye L, Jurkovic D, Van Holsbeke C, et al. Simple ultrasound-based rules for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer.Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2008; 31: 681-90.

15

Thomassin-Naggara I, Poncelet E, Jalaguier-Coudray A, Guerra A, Fournier LS, Stojanovic S, et al. Ovarian-adnexal reporting data system magnetic resonance imaging (O-RADS MRI) score for risk stratification of sonographically indeterminate adnexal masses.JAMA Netw Open. 2020; 3: e1919896.

16

Dabi Y, Rockall A, Razakamanantsoa L, Guerra A, Fournier LS, Fotopoulou C, et al. O-RADS MRI scoring system has the potential to reduce the frequency of avoidable adnexal surgery.Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2024; 294: 135-42.

17

Thomassin-Naggara I, Dabi Y, Florin M, Saltel-Fulero A, Manganaro L, Bazot M, et al. O-RADS MRI SCORE: an essential first-step tool for the characterization of adnexal masses.J Magn Reson Imaging. 2024; 59: 720-36.

18

Thomassin-Naggara I, Toussaint I, Perrot N, Rouzier R, Cuenod CA, Bazot M, et al. Characterization of complex adnexal masses: value of adding perfusion- and diffusion-weighted MR imaging to conventional MR imaging.Radiology. 2011; 258: 793-803.

19

Peres LC, Cushing-Haugen KL, Köbel M, Harris HR, Berchuck A, Rossing MA, et al. Invasive epithelial ovarian cancer survival by histotype and disease stage.J Natl Cancer Inst. 2019; 111: 60-8.

20

Gershan V, Homayounieh F, Singh R, Avramova-Cholakova S, Faj D, Georgiev E, et al. CT protocols and radiation doses for hematuria and urinary stones: comparing practices in 20 countries.Eur J Radiol. 2020; 126: 108923.

21

Labidi-Galy SI, Papp E, Hallberg D, Niknafs N, Adleff V, Noe M, et al. High grade serous ovarian carcinomas originate in the fallopian tube.Nat Commun. 2017; 8: 1093.

22

Flicek KT, VanBuren W, Dudiak K, Lahkman Y, Chen LW, Butler K, et al. Borderline epithelial ovarian tumors: what the radiologist should know.Abdom Radiol (NY). 2021; 46: 2350-66.

23

Sahdev A. CT in ovarian cancer staging: how to review and report with emphasis on abdominal and pelvic disease for surgical planning.Cancer Imaging. 2016; 16: 19.

24

Kurman RJ, Shih IeM. Pathogenesis of ovarian cancer: lessons from morphology and molecular biology and their clinical implications.Int J Gynecol Pathol. 2008; 27: 151-60.

25

Okamoto Y, Tanaka YO, Tsunoda H, Yoshikawa H, Minami M. Malignant or borderline mucinous cystic neoplasms have a larger number of loculi than mucinous cystadenoma: a retrospective study with MR.J Magn Reson Imaging. 2007; 26: 94-9.

26

Karaosmanoglu AD, Onur MR, Salman MC, Usubutun A, Karcaaltincaba M, Ozmen MN, et al. Imaging in secondary tumors of the ovary.Abdom Radiol (NY). 2019; 44: 1493-505.