ABSTRACT

Urothelial cancers are the most common neoplasms of the urothelium. It is accepted that they develop due to exposure to carcinogens and toxins. In addition, the existence of genetic predisposition has also been shown. Urothelial tumors are most commonly observed in the bladder and in the older age group. Patients most frequently present with hematuria. Abdominal ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), CT urography and magnetic resonance imaging are used to guide the diagnosis. In this review, the advantages and limitations of imaging techniques for urothelial neoplasms originating from the upper urinary tract, ureter and bladder are compared; new imaging techniques are also included.